Calcium

Scientific References >

* This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Scientific References

Ackley S, Barrett-Conner E and Suarez L. Dairy products, calcium and blood pressure. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 38:457, 1983.

Appleteon GVN, et al. Inhibition of intestinal carcinogenesis by dietary supplementation with calcium. British Journal of Surgery. 74:523, 1985.

Belizan JM, et al. Reduction of blood pressure with calcium supplementation in young adults. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 249:1161, 1983.

Bendich A. Leader S. Muhuri P. Supplemental calcium for the prevention of hip fracture: potential health-economic benefits. Clinical Therapeutics. 21(6):1058-72, 1999.

Bierenbaum ML, Fleischman AL, and Raichelson RI. Long term human studies on the lipid effects of oral calcium. Lipids. 7:202, 1972.

Bostick RM. Fosdick L. Grandits GA. Grambsch P. Gross M. Louis TA. Effect of calcium supplementation on serum cholesterol and blood pressure. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Archives of Family Medicine. 9(1):31-8; discussion 39, 2000.

Bourgoin BP, Evans DR, Cornett JR, et al. Lead content in 70 brands of dietary calcium supplements. Am. J. Public Health 83, 1155-1160, 1993.

Brooks ER. Howat PM. Cavalier DS. Calcium supplementation and exercise increase appendicular bone density in anorexia: a case study. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 99(5):591-3, 1999.

Cappuccio FP, et al. Oral calcium supplementation and blood pressure: An overview of randomized controlled trials. J. Hypertens. 7:941-946, 1989.

Chiu KM. Efficacy of calcium supplements on bone mass in postmenopausal women. Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences. 54(6):M275-80, 1999.

Davis IJ. Grim C. Dwyer K. Nicholson L. Dwyer J. The effects of calcium supplementation on ambulatory blood pressure in African-American adolescents. Journal of the National Medical Association. 88(12):774-8, 1996.

Dawson-Hughes B. Harris SS. Krall EA. Dallal GE. Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older. New England Journal of Medicine. 337(10):670-6, 1997.

Duris I. Hruby D. Pekarkova B. Huorka M. Cernakova E. Bezayova T. Ondrejka P. Calcium chemoprevention in colorectal cancer. Hepato-Gastroenterology. 43(7):152-4, 1996.

Galloe AM. Effect of oral calcium supplementation on blood pressure in patients with previously untreated hypertension: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study. J. Hum. Hypertens. 7:43-45, 1993.

Grobbee DE and Hofman A. Effect of calcium supplementation on diastolic blood pressure in young people with mild hypertension. Labcet. ii:703-707, 1986.

Kanis JA. The use of calcium in the management of osteoporosis. Bone. 24(4):279-90, 1999 Apr. Kashket S. Yaskell T. Effectiveness of calcium lactate added to food in reducing intraoral demineralization of enamel. Caries Research. 31(6):429-33, 1997.

Lipkin M. Preclinical and early human studies of calcium and colon cancer prevention. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 88 9:120-7, 1999.

Lipkin M. Newmark H. Calcium and the prevention of colon cancer. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - Supplement. 22:65-73, 1995.

Lopez-Jaramillo P. Prevention of preeclampsia with calcium supplementation and its relation with the L-arginine:nitric oxide pathway. Brazilian Journal of Medical & Biological Research. 29(6):731-41, 1996.

Lopez-Jaramillo P. Teran E. Moncada S. Calcium supplementation prevents pregnancy-induced hypertension by increasing the production of vascular nitric oxide. Medical Hypotheses. 45(1):68-72, 1995.

McCarron DA, Morris CD and Cole C. Dietary calcium in human hypertension. Science. 217:267, 1982.

Meunier PJ. Calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K in the prevention of fractures due to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis International. 9 Suppl 2:S48-52, 1999.

Mizunuma H. Okano H. Soda M. Tokizawa S. Kagami I. Miyamoto S. Honjo S. Ibuki Y. Calcium supplements increase bone mineral density in women with low serum calcium levels during long-term estrogen therapy. Endocrine Journal. 43(4):411-5, 1996.

Neugut AI. Horvath K. Whelan RL. Terry MB. Garbowski GC. Bertram A. Forde KA. Treat MR. Waye J. The effect of calcium and vitamin supplements on the incidence and recurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps. Cancer. 78(4):723-8, 1996.

Pence BC. Dunn DM. Zhao C. Patel V. Hunter S. Landers M. Protective effects of calcium from nonfat dried milk against colon carcinogenesis in rats. Nutrition & Cancer. 25(1):35-45, 1996.

Purwar M. Kulkarni H. Motghare V. Dhole S. Calcium supplementation and prevention of pregnancy induced hypertension. Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Research. 22(5):425-30, 1996.

Reid IR. Ames RW. Evans MC. Gamble GD. Sharpe SJ. Long-term effects of calcium supplementation on bone loss and fractures in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Medicine. 98(4):331-5, 1995.

Reid IR. Therapy of osteoporosis: calcium, vitamin D, and exercise. American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 312(6):278-86, 1996.

Resnick LM, Nicholson JP, and Laragh JH. Outpatient therapy of essential hypertension with dietary calcium supplementation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 3:616, 1984.

Roux C. Calcium supplementation for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Revue Du Rhumatisme, English Edition. 62(11):729-32, 1995.

Sacks FM. Brown LE. Appel L. Borhani NO. Evans D. Whelton P. Combinations of potassium, calcium, and magnesium supplements in hypertension. Hypertension. 26(6 Pt 1):950-6, 1995.

Sato Y. Maruoka H. Oizumi K. Amelioration of hemiplegia-associated osteopenia more than 4 years after stroke by 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 and calcium supplementation. Stroke. 28(4):736-9, 1997.

Storm D. Eslin R. Porter ES. Musgrave K. Vereault D. Patton C. Kessenich C. Mohan S. Chen T. Holick MF. Rosen CJ. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 83(11):3817-25, 1998.

Vallecillo G. Diez A. Carbonell J. Gonzalez Macias J. [Treatment of osteoporosis with calcium and vitamin D. Systematic review]. Medicina Clinica. 115(2):46-51, 2000.

Ward MW. Holimon TD. Calcium treatment for premenstrual syndrome. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 33(12):1356-8, 1999.

Zoccali C, et al. Double-blind randomized, crossover trial of calcium supplementation in essential hypertension. J. Hypertens. 6:451-455, 1

* This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.